{"id":636,"date":"2019-05-07T21:15:23","date_gmt":"2019-05-07T21:15:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/?p=636"},"modified":"2019-05-08T09:16:34","modified_gmt":"2019-05-08T09:16:34","slug":"titrimetric-analysis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/titrimetric-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Titrimetric Analysis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Analytical methods based on volume measuring are named titrimetric<\/strong> or volumetric methods<\/a><\/strong>. In titrimetric analyses, we add a reagent of exactly known concentration to a solution of analyzed compound until they completely react \u2013 a process called titration<\/strong>. They are highly accurate and precise, rapid and nowadays automated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Titrimetric methods are one of the oldest, but still widely used in almost all laboratories worldwide in research and industry as well. If you want a rapid determination of soil organic matter or vitamin C in commonly consumed food, you will certainly use titration. In order to do this, you will need a burette \u2013 a graduated glass tube with a tap at one end. The first burette was prepared by French chemist \u00c9tienne Ossian Henry in 1845 but later was modified by German chemist Karl Friedrich Mohr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Titrimetric methods can be divided based on the type of reaction used into four groups:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Acid-base titration<\/li>
  2. Precipitation titration<\/li>
  3. Redox titration<\/li>
  4. Complexometric titration<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    If one reaction could be used in titrimetry it should meet certain criteria:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    • The reaction must be quantitative, with a high equilibrium constant.<\/li>
    • The reaction must be rapid. If the reaction is slow, the time of determination is extended, possibly leading to an inaccurate determination.<\/li>
    • The reaction must have known reaction stoichiometry, in order to calculate the amount of analyte present.<\/li>
    • There must be some method for observing the endpoint of the reaction.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      You must use a standard solution<\/strong> in order to perform a titration. A standard solution is a solution that contains a known concentration of a substance. The accuracy of standard solution preparation greatly affects volumetric determination accuracy. Standard solutions can be divided into two categories:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      • Primary standard solution \u2013 obtained by diluting the desired amount of the substance in an appropriate solvent.<\/li>
      • Secondary standard solution \u2013 obtained by diluting the substance to approximate concentration, and then determine its concentration by titration in a process called standardization<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        A primary standard solution can be prepared of stable, pure, non-hygroscopic and accessible substance. If one of these requirements is not fulfilled, a secondary standard must be prepared. In practice, only a few substances meet all of these requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        The concentration of the standard solution may change through time, so it must be re-determined from time to time. Also, a solution prepared by diluting standard solution must be standardized again.
        <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Analytical methods based on volume measuring are named titrimetric or volumetric methods. In titrimetric analyses, we add a reagent of exactly known concentration to a solution of analyzed compound until they completely react \u2013 a process called titration. They are highly accurate and precise, rapid and nowadays automated.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":638,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[44,45,47],"class_list":["post-636","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analytical-chemistry","tag-titration","tag-titrimetry","tag-volumetric-methods","entry","has-media"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Titration.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paDYnX-ag","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/636","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=636"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/636\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":656,"href":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/636\/revisions\/656"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pmf.ni.ac.rs\/chemianaissensis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/638"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pmf.n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